A recent report analyzes how hate communities on Facebook and VKontakte form, flourish and adapt despite social media organizations trying to snuff them out.
The report, "Hidden resilience and adaptive dynamics of the global online hate ecology" by N.F. Johnson and team, shows the key to understanding the resilience of online hate lies in interconnected hate clusters that form global "hate highways" that cross social media platforms, sometimes using "back doors" even after being banned, as well as jumping between countries, continents, and languages. The report also found that policing within, such as Facebook, can make matter worse and will "eventually generate global ‘dark pools’ in which online hate will flourish."