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Research Square

Feasibility and Acceptability of Spanish-language Facebook Group on Latino Parents’ COVID-19 Vaccine Beliefs: Case study of the Brigada Digital de Salud

COVID-19 vaccine uptake among U.S. Latino adults has been slower than other groups, and younger Latino children continue to be underrepresented among vaccinated populations.

Research Square

Simple Data Visualization Techniques of Racial Demographic Change Sharply Increase Propensities Toward Violence

Data visualization has direct political implications. Across four experiments which slightly vary the visualization of data about projected racial demographic change in the United States, the...

Just Security

Written Testimony: President Trump’s Rhetoric Undermined Confidence in Elections Among His Supporters

This testimony reports the key findings from our research on the effect that former President Trump’s false claims of widespread voter and electoral fraud had on public faith in the election system.

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Monitoring Hate Speech and the Limits of Current Definition

Current definitions of hate speech are inadequate as the basis for monitoring hate speech targeted at groups.

Population Medicine

Key considerations in digital population health interventions

Digital health technologies (DHTs) have become an integral part of global public health initiatives from encouraging and monitoring vaccine uptake to supporting self-management of long-term...

Population Medicine

IQOS marketing to points-of-sale in Israel: a cross-sectional survey with Arab and Jewish retailers

Smoking rates, as well as IQOS and/or electronic cigarette use, are higher in the Arab than the Jewish population in Israel. The point-of-sale (POS) environment is one of the under-studied marketing...

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First Amendment Protections for “Good Trouble”

The more things change, the more they stay the same. This unfortunately is true with respect to the efforts of civil rights activities and the response of the dominant power structure in the United...

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The Digital Services Act and the Brussels Effect on Platform Content Moderation

The European Union (EU) is at it again — engaging in extensive regulation of social media platforms in ways that will affect how the platforms regulate not just in the EU, but the world over.

PsyArXiv

The Role of Mental Representation in Sharing Misinformation Online

Fuzzy-Trace Theory posits that people will be more likely to share misinformation online if it promotes gist mental representations that cue motivationally-relevant values. In this paper, the...

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Could a Global “Wicked Problems Agency” Incentivize Data Sharing?

Global data sharing could help solve “wicked” problems (problems such as climate change, terrorism and global poverty that no one knows how to solve without creating further problems).

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Industry marketing of tobacco products on social media: case study of Philip Morris International’s IQOS

Newer tobacco products might be more likely to use social media as they grow in the global market. This study examined global social media marketing of HTPs.

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Building Trust in AI: A Landscape Analysis of Government AI Programs

As countries around the world expand their use of artificial intelligence (AI), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has developed the most comprehensive website on AI...

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Using conjoint analysis to incorporate heterogeneous preferences into multimodal transit trip simulations

The transportation sector is the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States, and personal vehicles are responsible for two thirds of those. 

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Visual Misinformation on Facebook

In this study the researchers conducted the first large-scale study of image-based political misinformation on Facebook.

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A pilot randomized controlled trial of automated and counselor-delivered text messages for e-cigarette cessation

A growing body of evidence indicates that e-cigarettes deliver fewer harmful chemicals than traditional cigarettes and may support smoking cessation.

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IQOS Use and Interest by Sociodemographic and Tobacco Behavior Characteristics among Adults in the US and Israel

Globally, the diversity of tobacco products available and tobacco industry marketing strategies has increased.

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Building trust in digital trade will require a rethink of trade policy-making

Trust is essential to democratic capitalist functioning because buyers and sellers don’t know each other. But the same is true for users and providers online.

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Which matters more, the means or the ends? Preferences for responsiveness in process and policy

Public dissatisfaction with democracy seems to have increased across the world.

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Successful Optimization of Tobacco Dependence Treatment in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Trial Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy

Although tobacco dependence has declined across all demographic groups, the rate of decline has been slower among individuals of lower socioeconomic status.

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The Zelensky Effect

With Russian shells raining on Kyiv and tanks closing in, American forces prepared to evacuate Ukraine's leader.

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Cost-Effectiveness of Smoking-Cessation Approaches in Emergency Departments

Smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S., with about 480,000 deaths per year.

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Graggle: A Graph-based Approach to Document Clustering

In this work, researchers have designed and implemented a new system they call Graggle, which builds a graph to model a corpus.

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Economic risk framing increases intention to vaccinate among Republican COVID-19 vaccine refusers

The COVID-19 pandemic remains a global threat to lives, livelihoods, and lifestyles.

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Beyond Digital "Echo Chambers": The Role of Viewpoint Diversity in Political Discussion

Modern political conversations are typically perceived to be unproductively affirming -- siloed in "echo chambers" of exclusively like-minded discussants.

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Trajectories of ENDS and cigarette use among dual users: analysis of waves 1 to 5 of the PATH Study

The rapid rise in the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) has catalysed a large volume of research into their health risks.

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A Text-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention for Sexual and Gender Minority Groups: Protocol for a Feasibility Trial

Cigarette smoking among sexual and gender minority (SGM) groups in the United States is higher than heterosexual and cisgender individuals.

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Fact-checking Trump’s election lies can improve confidence in U.S. elections: Experimental evidence

As the 2020 campaign unfolded President Trump’s attacks on the integrity of the U.S. electoral system grew louder and more frequent.

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PMI’s IQOS and cigarette ads in Israeli media: a content analysis across regulatory periods and target population subgroups

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are relatively new products that are purportedly intended to reduce exposure to harmful substances relative to cigarettes.

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Longitudinal analysis of peer social support and quitting Smoking: Moderation by sex and implications for cessation interventions

Social support predicts better health and lower mortality, but the benefits of peer social support for helping cigarette smokers quit are unclear.

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Impact of FDA endorsement and modified risk versus exposure messaging in IQOS ads: a randomised factorial experiment among US and Israeli adults

To enter or stay in the US market, tobacco manufacturers must submit a Premarket Tobacco Product Application (PMTA) to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

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IQOS and cigarette advertising across regulatory periods and population groups in Israel: a longitudinal analysis

Some research suggests that smokers who switch completely from combustible cigarettes to HTPs substantially reduce their exposure to harmful chemicals.

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Conceptual Replication of Four Key Findings about Factual Corrections and Misinformation During the 2020 U.S. Election: Evidence from Panel Survey Experiments

The researchers conducted experiments to evaluate the immediate and medium-term effects of misinformation and factual corrections during the 2020 election.

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"It's Not Just Hate'': A Multi-Dimensional Perspective on Detecting Harmful Speech Online

Well-annotated data is a prerequisite for good Natural Language Processing models.

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Foreign support does not mean sway for illiberal nationalist regimes: Putin sympathy, Russian influence, and Trump foreign policy in the Balkans

New information technologies increasingly allow autocrats to shape public opinion outside their borders.

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Don't Judge a Language Model by Its Last Layer: Contrastive Learning with Layer-Wise Attention Pooling

Recent pre-trained language models (PLMs) achieved success on natural language processing tasks through learning linguistic features.

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A Missed Opportunity to Further Build Trust in AI: A Landscape Analysis of OECD.AI

The world needs a better understanding of how policymakers can effectively encourage AI innovation and adoption, while mitigating potential AI risks.

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Wicked Problems Might Inspire Greater Data Sharing

Global public goods are goods and services with benefits and costs that potentially extend to all countries, people, and generations.

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Novel Implementation Strategy to Electronically Screen and Signpost Patients to Health Behavior Apps: Mixed Methods Implementation Study (OptiMine Study)

Behavior change apps have the potential to provide individual support on a population scale at low cost, but they face numerous barriers to implementation.

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Predictors of electronic nicotine product quit attempts and cessation: Analysis of waves 3 and 4 of the PATH study

Identifying theory-based predictors of electronic nicotine product (ENP) quit attempts can guide the development of effective vaping cessation interventions.

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E-cigarette and combusted tobacco abstinence among young adults: Secondary analyses from a U.S.-based randomized controlled trial of vaping cessation

Given the adverse impacts of nicotine on young people, the development of vaping cessation interventions is a public health priority.

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TLPGNN: A Lightweight Two-Level Parallelism Paradigm for Graph Neural Network Computation on GPU

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are an emerging class of deep learning models on graphs, with many successful applications.

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Time and skeptical opinion content erode the effects of science coverage on climate beliefs and attitudes

Although experiments show that exposure to factual information can increase factual accuracy, the public remains stubbornly misinformed about many issues.

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Illuminati: Towards Explaining Graph Neural Networks for Cybersecurity Analysis

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been utilized to create multi-layer graph models for a number of cybersecurity applications.

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A Future Built on Data: Data Strategies, Competitive Advantage and Trust

In the twenty-first century, data became the subject of national strategy. This paper examines these visions and strategies.

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PIKACHU: Temporal Walk Based Dynamic Graph Embedding for Network Anomaly Detection

In addition to the network topology, the order of information flow is crucial to detect cyber-threats in a constantly evolving network.

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Correcting COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation in Ten Countries

What can be done to reduce misperceptions about COVID-19 vaccines?

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Knowledge-Augmented Language Models for Cause-Effect Relation Classification

Previous studies have shown the efficacy of knowledge augmentation methods in pretrained language models.

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Euler: Detecting Network Lateral Movement via Scalable Temporal Graph Link Prediction

Lateral movement is a key stage of system compromise used by advanced persistent threats.

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Protecting Free Speech and Due Process Values on Dominant Social Media Platforms

In recent years, dominant social media platforms have been increasingly perceived as engaging in discrimination against conservative and right-wing viewpoints.

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Trump’s Big Lie: A Rare Confirmed Case of Widespread Belief in Misinformation

Accounts of the misinformation problem are filled with examples of “true believers” who have been exposed to, and accept, false claims.

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Demographic Determinism, the Republican Party, and Anti-Democratic Attitudes

Following the 2010 Census, demographers and other experts of Census data began calling a definitive coming shift in U.S. racial demographics.

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Demographic Change Narratives and Democratic Backsliding

Recently, more attention is needed on how attitudes about democracy are developing among the public.

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On the events of January 6th and elite accountability.

I study the political and media elites who seed, fertilize, and reap rewards from online conspiracy, distrust, and deception.

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Right-wing media’s coverage of the attack on the US Capitol on January 6

This white paper examines 12 major right-wing media’s coverage of the attack on the US Capitol on January 6, 2021.

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Misinformation and Factual Corrections: The Case of the 2020 U.S. Election

From September 2020 through the end of November, researchers conducted eight panel experiments to measure the effects of election-related misinformation.

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Rich Feature Deep Learning Classifier for Multiple Simultaneous Radio Signals

The ability to detect, classify, and characterize radio signal transmissions is an important task with diverse applications in defense, networking, and communications.

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The impact of Facebook’s vaccine misinformation policy on user endorsements of vaccine content: An interrupted time series analysis

The anti-vaccination movement, fueled by a mass of unsubstantiated, misleading, and manipulated messages, has reemerged in recent years.

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Metric Learning on Field Scale Sorghum Experiments

High throughput phenotyping in agriculture seeks to automatic the measurement of plant phenotypes by automating aspects of the measurement process.

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Russian Military Build-up around Ukraine – Part 2

The recent months have been dominated by a military and diplomatic crisis centered on fears about a Russian military attack on Ukraine and the Russian government’s demands.

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IQOS marketing strategies at point-of-sales: a cross-sectional survey with retailers

The point-of-sale (POS) is adapting to marketing restrictions, societal changes and the inclusion of new products, such as heated tobacco products.

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Evaluating the Efficacy of Facebook's Vaccine Misinformation Content Removal Policies

Social media platforms have attempted to remove misinformation about vaccines because it obstructs efforts to end the COVID-19 pandemic.

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An Investigation of Influential Users in the Promotion and Marketing of Heated Tobacco Products on Instagram: A Social Network Analysis

This study constructed a social network of Instagram users who posted IQOS content, a leading HTP brand, between 1 January and 5 April 2021 and identified users who positioned near the center of the...

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The Impact of Tobacco Use on COVID-19 Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Tobacco use increases risks for numerous diseases, including respiratory illnesses.

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A “Terrific Symbol”: Physical Personalization of Pandemic Relief Enhances Presidential Support

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced governments worldwide—many that previously prioritized austerity—to approve large relief packages.

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Political Misinformation and Factual Corrections on the Facebook News Feed: Experimental Evidence

As concerns about the spread of political misinformation have mounted, scholars have found that fact-checks can reduce the extent to which people believe misinformation.

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Twitter and Facebook posts about COVID-19 are less likely to spread misinformation compared to other health topics

The COVID-19 pandemic brought widespread attention to an “infodemic” of potential health misinformation.

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Do Local Newspapers Mitigate the Effects of the Polarized National Rhetoric on COVID-19?

This analysis tests two distinct predictions regarding local newspapers’ coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

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Applying Word Embeddings to Measure Valence in Information Operations Targeting Journalists in Brazil

Among the goals of information operations are to change the overall information environment vis-á-vis specific actors.

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Framing Covid-19: Constitutional Versus Demagogic Rhetoric in Presidential Messaging

When Donald Trump was a candidate for president in 2016, his campaign rhetoric caused commentators to use a term they rarely applied to viable challengers for the country’s highest office: “...

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Visualizing Paired Image Similarity in Transformer Networks

The lack of explainability or interpretability is often cited as one of the main drawbacks of deep neural networks used in computer vision and machine learning.

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Commonsense Knowledge-Augmented Pretrained Language Models for Causal Reasoning Classification

Automatic extraction and classification of causal relations in text has been an important yet challenging task in natural language processing and understanding.

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Research note: Examining how various social media platforms have responded to COVID-19 misinformation

Efforts to contain the COVID-19 pandemic have been complicated by a parallel infodemic, defined as an overabundance of information, including misinformation, which occurs during a disease outbreak.

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Viruses, Vaccines, and COVID-19: Explaining and Improving Risky Decision-making

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, risky decision-making has determined its trajectory, from deciding whether to socially distance or wear a mask to whether to get vaccinated.

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Research Methods for Supporting Engineering Systems Design

Engineering systems are best understood when studied from multiple methodological lenses simultaneously.

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Proximity of IQOS and JUUL points of sale to schools in Israel: a geospatial analysis

Exploring proximity and density of heated tobacco product points of sale to schools is critical for understanding youth marketing exposure and informing policy and enforcement to protect youth.

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Imperfect measures of dynamic identities: The changing impact of ethnolinguistic characteristics on political attitudes in Ukraine

This article analyses the changing relevance of ethnolinguistic characteristics as predictors of political attitudes in Ukraine.

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IQOS marketing strategies in the USA before and after US FDA modified risk tobacco product authorisation

Given that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorised reduced exposure messaging to be used in IQOS marketing, we examined: IQOS ad content; advertising media channels and changes in...

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Appeal of novel cessation intervention approaches among young-adult users of traditional and alternative tobacco products

The past decade has marked a shift in the tobacco market, with increased product diversity and increases in use of e-cigarettes, hookah, cigar products, and smokeless tobacco globally, particularly...

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Adaptation and Assessment of a Text Messaging Smoking Cessation Intervention in Vietnam: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Of the world’s 1.1 billion smokers, 80% live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). As a result, tobacco use is a major contributor to the high burden of noncommunicable disease and premature...

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Questioning the Yelp Effect: Mixed Methods Analysis of Web-Based Reviews of Urgent Cares

The World Health Organization has deemed antibiotic resistance, which is primarily caused by antibiotic overuse, to be one of the world's most pressing health problems.

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Authoritarian Rallying as Reputational Cascade? Evidence from Putin’s Popularity Surge after Crimea

When international conflict causes an authoritarian leader’s popularity to soar, extant theories lead us to treat such “rallying” as sincere preference change.

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“We Don’t Know” Means “They’re Not Sure”

The most familiar approach to handling respondent uncertainty about survey questions, the “don’t know” (DK) response, has an inconvenient feature.

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Misinformation or Activism: Mapping Networked Moral Panic Through An Analysis of #SAVETHECHILDREN

When looking at the recent social-political history of America it is difficult to avoid references to QAnon, a widespread,...

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The global effectiveness of fact-checking: Evidence from simultaneous experiments in Argentina, Nigeria, South Africa, and the United Kingdom

Little evidence exists on the global effectiveness, or lack thereof, of potential solutions to misinformation.

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Effectiveness of an optimized text message and Internet intervention for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial

Internet interventions are effective for smoking cessation and a recommended treatment approach.

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Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of a text messaging intervention for smoking cessation in Vietnam

Text messaging (SMS) smoking cessation programs can reach a large amount of cigarette smokers and are effective in increasing quit rates, but their efficacy has not yet been explored in Vietnam.

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Evolvability analysis framework: Adding transition path and stakeholder diversity to infrastructure planning

This paper presents the Evolvability Analysis Framework (EAF), a new perspective on evaluating complex infrastructure systems.

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Classification and Visualization of Genotype x Phenotype Interactions in Biomass Sorghum

The researchers introduce a simple approach to understanding the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), or groups of related SNPs, and the phenotypes they control.

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Trump sympathy in the Balkans: cross-border populist appeal

Do populist leaders tend to win support from the same kinds of people abroad as they do at home?

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Data is disruptive: How data sovereignty is challenging data governance

As data has become essential to economic growth, data governance has become critical to modern governance.

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Electronic Nicotine Product Cessation and Cigarette Smoking: Analysis of Waves 3 and 4 From the PATH Study

Identifying predictors of electronic nicotine product (ENP) cessation can inform ENP cessation interventions.

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Causal Understanding of Fake News Dissemination on Social Media

Recent years have witnessed remarkable progress towards computational fake news detection. To mitigate its negative impact,...

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Could Trade Agreements Help Address the Wicked Problem of Cross-Border Disinformation?

Whether produced domestically or internationally, disinformation is a “wicked” problem that has global impacts.

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Assessment of IQOS Marketing Strategies at Points-of-Sale in Israel at a Time of Regulatory Transition

IQOS, a tobacco heating system, and accompanying tobacco sticks (HEETS) entered the Israeli market in 2016, prior to rapid regulatory change.

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Global Data Governance Mapping: 5 countries case study

Firms and governments have a variety of reasons for collecting data, including to create new products and to stimulate innovation.

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Placebo Selection in Survey Experiments: An Agnostic Approach

Although placebo conditions are ubiquitous in survey experiments, little evidence guides common practices for their use and selection.

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Book Chapter: Interactive Propaganda: How Fox News and Donald Trump co-produced false narratives about the Covid-19 crisis

This book examines how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the flows of communication between politicians, journalists and citizens.

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Vestige: Identifying Binary Code Provenance for Vulnerability Detection

Identifying the compilation provenance of a binary code helps to pinpoint the specific compilation tools and configurations that were used to produce the executable.

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Elite rhetoric can undermine democratic norms

Democratic stability depends on citizens on the losing side accepting election outcomes.

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Spread of Misinformation About Face Masks and COVID-19 by Automated Software on Facebook

The dangers of misinformation spreading on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic are known.