COVID-19 vaccine uptake among U.S. Latino adults has been slower than other groups, and younger Latino children continue to be underrepresented among vaccinated populations.
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Data visualization has direct political implications. Across four experiments which slightly vary the visualization of data about projected racial demographic change in the United States, the...
This testimony reports the key findings from our research on the effect that former President Trump’s false claims of widespread voter and electoral fraud had on public faith in the election system.
Monitoring Hate Speech and the Limits of Current Definition
Current definitions of hate speech are inadequate as the basis for monitoring hate speech targeted at groups.
Key considerations in digital population health interventions
Digital health technologies (DHTs) have become an integral part of global public health initiatives from encouraging and monitoring vaccine uptake to supporting self-management of long-term...
IQOS marketing to points-of-sale in Israel: a cross-sectional survey with Arab and Jewish retailers
Smoking rates, as well as IQOS and/or electronic cigarette use, are higher in the Arab than the Jewish population in Israel. The point-of-sale (POS) environment is one of the under-studied marketing...
First Amendment Protections for “Good Trouble”
The more things change, the more they stay the same. This unfortunately is true with respect to the efforts of civil rights activities and the response of the dominant power structure in the United...
The Digital Services Act and the Brussels Effect on Platform Content Moderation
The European Union (EU) is at it again — engaging in extensive regulation of social media platforms in ways that will affect how the platforms regulate not just in the EU, but the world over.
The Role of Mental Representation in Sharing Misinformation Online
Fuzzy-Trace Theory posits that people will be more likely to share misinformation online if it promotes gist mental representations that cue motivationally-relevant values. In this paper, the...
Could a Global “Wicked Problems Agency” Incentivize Data Sharing?
Global data sharing could help solve “wicked” problems (problems such as climate change, terrorism and global poverty that no one knows how to solve without creating further problems).
Newer tobacco products might be more likely to use social media as they grow in the global market. This study examined global social media marketing of HTPs.
Building Trust in AI: A Landscape Analysis of Government AI Programs
As countries around the world expand their use of artificial intelligence (AI), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has developed the most comprehensive website on AI...
The transportation sector is the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States, and personal vehicles are responsible for two thirds of those.
Visual Misinformation on Facebook
In this study the researchers conducted the first large-scale study of image-based political misinformation on Facebook.
A growing body of evidence indicates that e-cigarettes deliver fewer harmful chemicals than traditional cigarettes and may support smoking cessation.
Globally, the diversity of tobacco products available and tobacco industry marketing strategies has increased.
Building trust in digital trade will require a rethink of trade policy-making
Trust is essential to democratic capitalist functioning because buyers and sellers don’t know each other. But the same is true for users and providers online.
Which matters more, the means or the ends? Preferences for responsiveness in process and policy
Public dissatisfaction with democracy seems to have increased across the world.
Although tobacco dependence has declined across all demographic groups, the rate of decline has been slower among individuals of lower socioeconomic status.
With Russian shells raining on Kyiv and tanks closing in, American forces prepared to evacuate Ukraine's leader.
Cost-Effectiveness of Smoking-Cessation Approaches in Emergency Departments
Smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S., with about 480,000 deaths per year.
Graggle: A Graph-based Approach to Document Clustering
In this work, researchers have designed and implemented a new system they call Graggle, which builds a graph to model a corpus.
Economic risk framing increases intention to vaccinate among Republican COVID-19 vaccine refusers
The COVID-19 pandemic remains a global threat to lives, livelihoods, and lifestyles.
Beyond Digital "Echo Chambers": The Role of Viewpoint Diversity in Political Discussion
Modern political conversations are typically perceived to be unproductively affirming -- siloed in "echo chambers" of exclusively like-minded discussants.
Trajectories of ENDS and cigarette use among dual users: analysis of waves 1 to 5 of the PATH Study
The rapid rise in the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) has catalysed a large volume of research into their health risks.
Cigarette smoking among sexual and gender minority (SGM) groups in the United States is higher than heterosexual and cisgender individuals.
Fact-checking Trump’s election lies can improve confidence in U.S. elections: Experimental evidence
As the 2020 campaign unfolded President Trump’s attacks on the integrity of the U.S. electoral system grew louder and more frequent.
Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are relatively new products that are purportedly intended to reduce exposure to harmful substances relative to cigarettes.
Social support predicts better health and lower mortality, but the benefits of peer social support for helping cigarette smokers quit are unclear.
To enter or stay in the US market, tobacco manufacturers must submit a Premarket Tobacco Product Application (PMTA) to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Some research suggests that smokers who switch completely from combustible cigarettes to HTPs substantially reduce their exposure to harmful chemicals.
The researchers conducted experiments to evaluate the immediate and medium-term effects of misinformation and factual corrections during the 2020 election.
"It's Not Just Hate'': A Multi-Dimensional Perspective on Detecting Harmful Speech Online
Well-annotated data is a prerequisite for good Natural Language Processing models.
New information technologies increasingly allow autocrats to shape public opinion outside their borders.
Recent pre-trained language models (PLMs) achieved success on natural language processing tasks through learning linguistic features.
A Missed Opportunity to Further Build Trust in AI: A Landscape Analysis of OECD.AI
The world needs a better understanding of how policymakers can effectively encourage AI innovation and adoption, while mitigating potential AI risks.
Wicked Problems Might Inspire Greater Data Sharing
Global public goods are goods and services with benefits and costs that potentially extend to all countries, people, and generations.
Behavior change apps have the potential to provide individual support on a population scale at low cost, but they face numerous barriers to implementation.
Identifying theory-based predictors of electronic nicotine product (ENP) quit attempts can guide the development of effective vaping cessation interventions.
Given the adverse impacts of nicotine on young people, the development of vaping cessation interventions is a public health priority.
TLPGNN: A Lightweight Two-Level Parallelism Paradigm for Graph Neural Network Computation on GPU
Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are an emerging class of deep learning models on graphs, with many successful applications.
Although experiments show that exposure to factual information can increase factual accuracy, the public remains stubbornly misinformed about many issues.
Illuminati: Towards Explaining Graph Neural Networks for Cybersecurity Analysis
Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been utilized to create multi-layer graph models for a number of cybersecurity applications.
A Future Built on Data: Data Strategies, Competitive Advantage and Trust
In the twenty-first century, data became the subject of national strategy. This paper examines these visions and strategies.
PIKACHU: Temporal Walk Based Dynamic Graph Embedding for Network Anomaly Detection
In addition to the network topology, the order of information flow is crucial to detect cyber-threats in a constantly evolving network.
Correcting COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation in Ten Countries
What can be done to reduce misperceptions about COVID-19 vaccines?
Knowledge-Augmented Language Models for Cause-Effect Relation Classification
Previous studies have shown the efficacy of knowledge augmentation methods in pretrained language models.
Euler: Detecting Network Lateral Movement via Scalable Temporal Graph Link Prediction
Lateral movement is a key stage of system compromise used by advanced persistent threats.
Protecting Free Speech and Due Process Values on Dominant Social Media Platforms
In recent years, dominant social media platforms have been increasingly perceived as engaging in discrimination against conservative and right-wing viewpoints.
Trump’s Big Lie: A Rare Confirmed Case of Widespread Belief in Misinformation
Accounts of the misinformation problem are filled with examples of “true believers” who have been exposed to, and accept, false claims.
Demographic Determinism, the Republican Party, and Anti-Democratic Attitudes
Following the 2010 Census, demographers and other experts of Census data began calling a definitive coming shift in U.S. racial demographics.
Demographic Change Narratives and Democratic Backsliding
Recently, more attention is needed on how attitudes about democracy are developing among the public.
On the events of January 6th and elite accountability.
I study the political and media elites who seed, fertilize, and reap rewards from online conspiracy, distrust, and deception.
Right-wing media’s coverage of the attack on the US Capitol on January 6
This white paper examines 12 major right-wing media’s coverage of the attack on the US Capitol on January 6, 2021.
Misinformation and Factual Corrections: The Case of the 2020 U.S. Election
From September 2020 through the end of November, researchers conducted eight panel experiments to measure the effects of election-related misinformation.
Rich Feature Deep Learning Classifier for Multiple Simultaneous Radio Signals
The ability to detect, classify, and characterize radio signal transmissions is an important task with diverse applications in defense, networking, and communications.
The anti-vaccination movement, fueled by a mass of unsubstantiated, misleading, and manipulated messages, has reemerged in recent years.
Metric Learning on Field Scale Sorghum Experiments
High throughput phenotyping in agriculture seeks to automatic the measurement of plant phenotypes by automating aspects of the measurement process.
Russian Military Build-up around Ukraine – Part 2
The recent months have been dominated by a military and diplomatic crisis centered on fears about a Russian military attack on Ukraine and the Russian government’s demands.
IQOS marketing strategies at point-of-sales: a cross-sectional survey with retailers
The point-of-sale (POS) is adapting to marketing restrictions, societal changes and the inclusion of new products, such as heated tobacco products.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Facebook's Vaccine Misinformation Content Removal Policies
Social media platforms have attempted to remove misinformation about vaccines because it obstructs efforts to end the COVID-19 pandemic.
This study constructed a social network of Instagram users who posted IQOS content, a leading HTP brand, between 1 January and 5 April 2021 and identified users who positioned near the center of the...
The Impact of Tobacco Use on COVID-19 Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Tobacco use increases risks for numerous diseases, including respiratory illnesses.
A “Terrific Symbol”: Physical Personalization of Pandemic Relief Enhances Presidential Support
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced governments worldwide—many that previously prioritized austerity—to approve large relief packages.
Political Misinformation and Factual Corrections on the Facebook News Feed: Experimental Evidence
As concerns about the spread of political misinformation have mounted, scholars have found that fact-checks can reduce the extent to which people believe misinformation.
The COVID-19 pandemic brought widespread attention to an “infodemic” of potential health misinformation.
Do Local Newspapers Mitigate the Effects of the Polarized National Rhetoric on COVID-19?
This analysis tests two distinct predictions regarding local newspapers’ coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.
Among the goals of information operations are to change the overall information environment vis-á-vis specific actors.
Framing Covid-19: Constitutional Versus Demagogic Rhetoric in Presidential Messaging
When Donald Trump was a candidate for president in 2016, his campaign rhetoric caused commentators to use a term they rarely applied to viable challengers for the country’s highest office: “...
Visualizing Paired Image Similarity in Transformer Networks
The lack of explainability or interpretability is often cited as one of the main drawbacks of deep neural networks used in computer vision and machine learning.
Commonsense Knowledge-Augmented Pretrained Language Models for Causal Reasoning Classification
Automatic extraction and classification of causal relations in text has been an important yet challenging task in natural language processing and understanding.
Efforts to contain the COVID-19 pandemic have been complicated by a parallel infodemic, defined as an overabundance of information, including misinformation, which occurs during a disease outbreak.
Viruses, Vaccines, and COVID-19: Explaining and Improving Risky Decision-making
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, risky decision-making has determined its trajectory, from deciding whether to socially distance or wear a mask to whether to get vaccinated.
Research Methods for Supporting Engineering Systems Design
Engineering systems are best understood when studied from multiple methodological lenses simultaneously.
Proximity of IQOS and JUUL points of sale to schools in Israel: a geospatial analysis
Exploring proximity and density of heated tobacco product points of sale to schools is critical for understanding youth marketing exposure and informing policy and enforcement to protect youth.
This article analyses the changing relevance of ethnolinguistic characteristics as predictors of political attitudes in Ukraine.
Given that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorised reduced exposure messaging to be used in IQOS marketing, we examined: IQOS ad content; advertising media channels and changes in...
The past decade has marked a shift in the tobacco market, with increased product diversity and increases in use of e-cigarettes, hookah, cigar products, and smokeless tobacco globally, particularly...
Of the world’s 1.1 billion smokers, 80% live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). As a result, tobacco use is a major contributor to the high burden of noncommunicable disease and premature...
Questioning the Yelp Effect: Mixed Methods Analysis of Web-Based Reviews of Urgent Cares
The World Health Organization has deemed antibiotic resistance, which is primarily caused by antibiotic overuse, to be one of the world's most pressing health problems.
Authoritarian Rallying as Reputational Cascade? Evidence from Putin’s Popularity Surge after Crimea
When international conflict causes an authoritarian leader’s popularity to soar, extant theories lead us to treat such “rallying” as sincere preference change.
“We Don’t Know” Means “They’re Not Sure”
The most familiar approach to handling respondent uncertainty about survey questions, the “don’t know” (DK) response, has an inconvenient feature.
Misinformation or Activism: Mapping Networked Moral Panic Through An Analysis of #SAVETHECHILDREN
When looking at the recent social-political history of America it is difficult to avoid references to QAnon, a widespread,...
Little evidence exists on the global effectiveness, or lack thereof, of potential solutions to misinformation.
Internet interventions are effective for smoking cessation and a recommended treatment approach.
Text messaging (SMS) smoking cessation programs can reach a large amount of cigarette smokers and are effective in increasing quit rates, but their efficacy has not yet been explored in Vietnam.
This paper presents the Evolvability Analysis Framework (EAF), a new perspective on evaluating complex infrastructure systems.
Classification and Visualization of Genotype x Phenotype Interactions in Biomass Sorghum
The researchers introduce a simple approach to understanding the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), or groups of related SNPs, and the phenotypes they control.
Trump sympathy in the Balkans: cross-border populist appeal
Do populist leaders tend to win support from the same kinds of people abroad as they do at home?
Data is disruptive: How data sovereignty is challenging data governance
As data has become essential to economic growth, data governance has become critical to modern governance.
Identifying predictors of electronic nicotine product (ENP) cessation can inform ENP cessation interventions.
Causal Understanding of Fake News Dissemination on Social Media
Recent years have witnessed remarkable progress towards computational fake news detection. To mitigate its negative impact,...
Could Trade Agreements Help Address the Wicked Problem of Cross-Border Disinformation?
Whether produced domestically or internationally, disinformation is a “wicked” problem that has global impacts.
IQOS, a tobacco heating system, and accompanying tobacco sticks (HEETS) entered the Israeli market in 2016, prior to rapid regulatory change.
Global Data Governance Mapping: 5 countries case study
Firms and governments have a variety of reasons for collecting data, including to create new products and to stimulate innovation.
Placebo Selection in Survey Experiments: An Agnostic Approach
Although placebo conditions are ubiquitous in survey experiments, little evidence guides common practices for their use and selection.
This book examines how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the flows of communication between politicians, journalists and citizens.
Vestige: Identifying Binary Code Provenance for Vulnerability Detection
Identifying the compilation provenance of a binary code helps to pinpoint the specific compilation tools and configurations that were used to produce the executable.
Elite rhetoric can undermine democratic norms
Democratic stability depends on citizens on the losing side accepting election outcomes.
Spread of Misinformation About Face Masks and COVID-19 by Automated Software on Facebook
The dangers of misinformation spreading on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic are known.